Varicose Veins

What is Depression?

Depression, is a common but serious mood disorder that affects how a person feels, thinks, and handles daily activities. It causes persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities. Depression is more than just feeling "down" for a few days; it can interfere significantly with daily life and functioning.

Symptoms

• Persistent sadness or “empty” mood

• Loss of interest or pleasure in hobbies or activities once enjoyed

• Significant weight loss or gain, or changes in appetite

• Insomnia or excessive sleeping

• Fatigue or lack of energy

• Feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt

• Difficulty concentrating or making decisions

• Thoughts of death or suicide

• Physical symptoms such as headaches, back pain, or digestive issues

Causes

Genetics: Family history of depression or other mental health disorders increases the risk.

Chemical Imbalances: Disruptions in neurotransmitters (such as serotonin and dopamine) in the brain.

Trauma or Stress: Major life events such as the death of a loved one, divorce, financial problems, or work-related stress can trigger depression.

Chronic Illness: Medical conditions like cancer, heart disease, or diabetes may increase the risk.

Hormonal Changes: Changes in hormone levels, particularly in women during pregnancy or menopause, can contribute to depression.

Personality: People with low self-esteem, pessimistic thinking patterns, or other personality traits may be more prone to depression.

Treatment

Medications: Antidepressants such as SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors), SNRIs (Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors), and tricyclic antidepressants.

Psychotherapy: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Interpersonal Therapy (IPT), or psychodynamic therapy to address emotional issues and improve coping strategies.

Lifestyle Changes: Regular physical exercise, a balanced diet, improved sleep hygiene, and reducing stress can help manage symptoms.

Alternative Therapies: Techniques such as mindfulness meditation, yoga, acupuncture, and herbal supplements may support mental well-being.

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT): In severe cases of depression, especially when other treatments are ineffective, ECT may be recommended.

When to see a Doctor?

• Symptoms of depression persist for more than two weeks.

• The depression is interfering with daily activities and responsibilities

• There are thoughts of self-harm or suicide.

• The depression does not improve with self-care strategies

• There is a history of mental health disorders or family history of depression.